Técnicas construtivas em alvenaria estrutural : contribuição ao uso.

Abstract

The interest of builders in application of structural masonry has been growing in the last years due to the technology cost effectiveness and minimization of wastes. In spite of the incomplete scope of the construction technology, this system has been looked upon by builders as a competitive alternative for residential buildings. Keeping this in mind, the present study is aimed at obtaining a general picture of the structural masonry applications. The main building techniques were identified based on a survey consisting of 150 questions, which covered stages of construction of the foundation, masonry, openings, electric and hydraulic tubulations, stairs, slabs, and revetments. 28 building sites in three Brazilian states were investigated amounting to a total of 403 examined buildings in which the structural masonry system was used. The collected data of the used construction techniques were critically analyzed basing on bibliographical references, on expert opinions of practical engineers in the field, as well as on results of laboratory testing reports. To verify behavior tendencies in relation to particular masonry situations related to sound and water impacts, acoustic and water stagnating tests were made. It was concluded that, in general, the potential of the structural masonry system is being just partially utilized in the studied buildings.