Novos parâmetros na regionalização dos territórios : estudo do zoneamento ecológico-econômico (ZEE) na Amazônia legal e das bacias hidrográficas no Rio Grande do Sul.

Abstract

In this research, the conception of region, according to environmental rationality and understood as a field to development in the contemporary world, implies in assuming a development project that starts from ecosystem periphery, and no more the cent, considering their particularities as resources. This point of view recognizes the importance of different territorialities built by social groups toward social and environmental sustainability, citizenship practices and environmental justice. This research analyses two regional planning tools that can be used as parameters for a regionalization of territories, used in two different Brazilian spatial realities: the Hydrographic Basins, used in Rio Grande do Sul and the Ecological-Economic Zoning (EEZ), applied in the Legal Amazon. This investigation searches new proposals to a development model, using Dialectic as method of approach, but without the pretension to arrive at a global synthesis. The analyses provided, the following conclusions, among others: (1) in one hand, the Hydrographic Basins offer new possibilities to implement a regionalization that considers the social and environmental conflicts, not necessarily related as political divisions, as proposed by IBGE, nor even as frontiers between countries, making possible a broad and systemic view of regional realities; (2) in other hand, we cannot leave behind the EEZ contributions as tool used in territorial organization, although all critics that had been made about its implementation, specially if we consider the possibility of its re-orientation, focusing its methodology in a systemic view of the territory.