O processo de desenvolvimento da metade sul do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul no período de 1980 a 2010.

Abstract

This thesis seeks to understand the development of the southern half of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, presented according to the endogenous theory of development. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the development process of the region of the southern half of Rio Grande do Sul from 1980 to 2010. Specifically we analyzed the historical factors of the regional development process; it was observed the acting forces in endogenous regional development , and identified the heterogeneity and evolution of the productive structure of the Southern Half Region. With regard to the analysis of a process development in a region with one hundred and five municipalities, it was adopted the Marxist dialectical method due to the power of argument and counter-argument to answer the research problem and achieve the proposed objectives. To do so, the historical process of the formation of territorial of the Southern Half Region was examined. The regional crop in the municipalities of Santa Maria, San Gabriel and Julio de Castilhos empirical depth was developed , using qualitative interviews revealed the primary process of transformation and actions of social actors in the generation of regional development, complemented with quantitative research from the calculation of Locational Quotients ( LQs ), it was possible to identify the productive specialization and analyze the dynamic factors, the heterogeneity and productive forces present in regional development. The reconstruction of the historical process demonstrated that primary production structure, beef and rice, of low value-added, combined with income transfer to manufacturing regions with higher added value, showed that this form of development based on exogenous forces reduced the capacity demand and the participation of the Southern Half Region development from the eighties. The region development is exogenous in nature but in regional cropping met specific and dynamic activities of endogenous character. The southern half region has its own productive heterogeneity and dynamism, with interdependence between exogenous and endogenous forces acting simultaneously in the territory and although there are dynamic endogenous forces, they are dependent upon exogenous forces to develop, playing a secondary role in development. External exogenous forces impede the internal endogenous forces to command the development and the historical and territorial situation, defined over the years and the inherent conflicting conditions between the two forces acting simultaneously within the southern half, exposing a dialectical contradiction, which is a challenge to the social actors make development driven by endogenous forces.