Hidróxido de cálcio como medicação intracanal na endodontia : revisão da literatura.

Abstract

Successful endodontic therapy aims to sanitation and the modeling of root canals, using specific endodontic instruments relating to irrigator solutions. From the biological point of view, the use of a medication between sessions favors this process, eliminating the infection and enabling the repair and healing of endodontic diseases. Among these medication we emphasize the calcium hydroxide, very well suited for this purpose. The goal of this work was to speak in the literature about the calcium hydroxide, its properties, characteristics, associations, biological and antibacterial behavior. It was also sought to know the microorganisms that are present and prevalent in infections of root canals and periapical tissues, understanding their interrelation with the host, along with chemical and biological action of intracanal medication. It was concluded that the fundamental characteristics of the calcium hydroxide come from the ionic dissociation into calcium ions and hydroxyl, responsible for its mineralizing and antibacterial action. By performing as powder, calcium hydroxide should be associated with another substance to its transmitting within the root canal system. Thus, it was also observed that the association that aim to improve the physical and chemical properties of calcium hydroxide have generated controversies in the results in associating it or not to other medication. As an example, one can cite the relation of antimicrobial action on the Enterococcus Faecalis also much discussed as there are authors who consider the calcium hydroxide more effective on this microorganism, whereas others consider the chlorhexidine as being the most effective, not having therefore, a final consensus on this topic.