O impacto da cultura oriental na Europa : uma análise dos efeitos da presença de muçulmanos em território europeu.

Abstract

This work’s research problem is based on analyzing what is the cultural impact that is arising from the presence in Europe of Muslim religious residents, from the formation of the European Union. As objectives, it intents, at first, to present the formation of the EU, highlighting the consolidation of European values and the concept of Europeanization, then conduct a literature review that will base the analyzes by presenting the main aspects and concepts of the Post-Colonialism. The aim is to point out the differences caused by cultural differences between European and Muslim communities, showing how occur the “strangeness”; present the moves of the European vision of the Muslim people and how it impacts on their daily lives in European territory and finally, point out the impacts and outcomes of the coexistence of these Islamic peoples in Europe. The work uses the hypothetical-deductive method through a descriptive-explanatory research. To discuss about the integration of the European Union, resulting in the Treaty of Maastritch, is used important scholarly journals and scientific research. Contributions from authors such as Jonana Stelzer are brought, with her work União Europeia e supranacionalidade (2005) José Soder, with A união europeia (1995), Odete Maria de Oliveira in União europeia: processo de integração (2002). After that, the postcolonial theory is presented, referring to the works of important authors of Muslim origin, such as Edward Said, icon of the postcolonial theory, which enriches this work through his vision of a citizen from an oriental culture. The analyzes are based mainly on the works Orientalismo (2007), Cultura e Imperialismo (1995) e Representações do Intelectual (2005), by Said, to understand the peculiarity of Muslim culture and the consequences of its relationship with the Western European world . It uses the contributions of Alexander Wendt, regarding culture, through the work Social Theory of International Politics (1999), due to its consolidation as an important post-positivist author. Other works of important oriental authors of the post-colonial school of tought, are used, such as O local da cultura (1998), of the Indian Homi Bhabha, Retrato do colonizado precedido de Retrato do colonizador (2007), of the Tunisian Albert Memmi, Os mímicos (2003), of the author, born in Trinidad Tobago, Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, and also contributions from Indian author Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak in her work Can the subaltern speak? (1985). This work seeks, in the same way, the contribution of authors that study, analyze and conduct publications of how was the inclusion of the Muslim population in European society through the history of migration. The aim is the understanding and study of Islamic everyday life in Europe, currently, through the generations of immigrants who remained resident there and made a family. Finally, it is evident that the influence that both cultures generate one under the other is undeniable, and that it is necessary to find matching points and convergence to a better interaction between them, since this phenomenon is inevitable.