https://repositorio.unisc.br:443/jspui The DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. Sat, 09 May 2026 08:21:23 GMT 2026-05-09T08:21:23Z http://hdl.handle.net/11624/4281 Title: A judicialização da saúde na Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e no Tribunal Europeu de Direitos Humanos : mapeamento dos critérios interpretativos e dos standards protetivos e sua inter-relação com os grupos em situação de vulnerabilidade. Authors: Petry, Maira Carolina Abstract: The present study focuses on the judicialization of the right to health before the Inter American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), as well as on the mapping of interpretative criteria and protective standards concerning the right to health of groups in situations of vulnerability. The objective is to analyze, based on decisions related to the judicialization of health before the IACtHR (cases adjudicated between 2018 and 2024, taking into account the leading case Poblete Vilches et al. v. Chile of 2018) and before the ECtHR (cases adjudicated between 2018 and 2024), the interpretative criteria and protective standards established concerning the right to health and their interrelation with vulnerable groups. The main research question to be addressed is as follows: Is there an interrelation between the interpretative criteria and the protective standards established by the IACtHR (cases adjudicated between 2018 and 2024, considering the leading case Poblete Vilches et al. v. Chile of 2018) and by the ECtHR (cases adjudicated between 2018 and 2024) with the protection of the right to health of groups in situations of vulnerability? Considering that this is a bibliographical study, the methodological approach to be adopted is the hermeneutical one. As for the procedural method, in relation to the analysis of the jurisprudence of the IACtHR and the ECtHR, the analytical method will be used. Regarding research techniques, indirect documentation will be employed, with consultation of both primary and secondary bibliographical sources, such as specialized academic journals, books, IACtHR Jurisprudence Notebooks, ECtHR thematic factsheets, among others. The research aligns with the line of inquiry on Contemporary Constitutionalism, insofar as it investigates the legal consolidation of constitutional guarantees—specifically, the right to health—as well as with the research focus of the advisor, Prof. Dr. Rosana Helena Maas, and her current research project titled “The Judicialization of Health before the IACtHR: Mapping of Interpretative Criteria and Protective Standards and their Interrelation with Groups in Situations of Vulnerability.” The project encompasses the human, fundamental, and social right to health and its direct judicialization before the IACtHR—as an autonomous right interpreted under Article 26 of the American Convention on Human Rights—and before the ECtHR, as a right protected derivatively through civil and political rights, as well as its interrelation with groups in situations of vulnerability. As a conclusion and result, the study finds a clear interrelation between the interpretative criteria and protective standards established by the IACtHR and the ECtHR and the protection of the right to health of groups in situations of vulnerability. In all cases decided by the San José Court and analyzed in this research, the protection of at least one vulnerable group was identified, with decisions—such as Residents of La Oroya v. Peru (2023), for instance—protecting multiple groups simultaneously. In the ECtHR decisions examined, although the protection of at least one vulnerable group was not identified in every judgment, four cases expressly mention the need for special protection of groups considered to be in situations of social disadvantage. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11624/4281 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11624/4280 Title: Validação de torre de radiação UV-C contra microrganismos multidroga-resistentes para desinfecção de ambientes hospitalares. Authors: Magdalena, Maitê Souza Abstract: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) increase morbidity and costs, and the hospital environment is a reservoir of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Traditional disinfection is prone to failure, and in this context, irradiation with ultraviolet light (UV-C) emerges as an effective and promising adjuvant technology. The general objective of this study was to validate the effectiveness of the automated portable UV-C radiation tower in disinfecting environments in health services against multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms. Manuscript 1: Sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the low-cost UV-C light tower, determining its operational characteristics and the impact of its use as an adjuvant method in the disinfection of operating rooms for the control of MDR microorganisms. The study was conducted in two complementary phases. The first phase, in vitro, used strains of MDR microorganisms to optimize the distance and exposure time parameters of the UV-C device. The second phase, in situ, was a quasi-experimental study carried out in operating rooms of a large hospital. In it, complementary disinfection with the UV-C tower was compared to conventional cleaning and disinfection on high-touch surfaces, using artificially inoculated MDR microorganism strains. Efficacy was measured by the percentage and logarithmic reduction of the microbial load, and the statistical analysis using the Willcoxon test compared the results of the methods. In vitro tests demonstrated that the device was highly effective, achieving logarithmic reductions of up to 6.17 log₁₀ for most strains, with Candida auris requiring the longest exposure time. In the application in operating rooms, complementary disinfection with UV-C resulted in a statistically significant microbial reduction (p=0.0078) compared to conventional cleaning alone. On surfaces where standard cleaning was less effective, UV-C increased the reduction to 100%. By demonstrating the effectiveness of an affordable solution, the study offers an important strategy for infection control, especially because of the possibility of an affordable cost for the health system, where resources are limited. Manuscript 2: The objective of this study was to evaluate the usability of the UV-C Tower equipment, after the handling of the device by health professionals in the process of terminal disinfection of operating rooms. This was a cross-sectional and exploratory study conducted in a teaching hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between August and September 2025. The UV=C light disinfection device was operated by nurses trained in routine terminal cleaning of operating rooms. Usability was assessed using the System Usability Scale and Standardized User Experience Percentile Rank Questionnaire, applied to six professionals. The data were analyzed by measures of central tendency and dispersion. The average score of the equipment in the perception of users was 79.58% on the System Usability Scale, indicating usability classified as good. In the Standardized User Experience Percentile Rank-Questionnaire, the overall score was 81.47%, with emphasis on the dimension of trust (87.50%) and loyalty (79.16%). The results demonstrate a high perception of usability. The high score in dimensions such as ease of learning and trust suggest that the device has a fast learning curve and is well accepted by operators, important factors to ensure adherence to protocols and the correct application of the technology. Studies show that the UV-C light tower is effective and well accepted for the disinfection of operating rooms, acting as an adjuvant method to conventional cleaning in the control of MDR microorganisms. The combination of high microbiological efficacy and good usability indicates its potential to strengthen HAI prevention and control strategies, especially in resource-limited contexts. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11624/4280 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11624/4279 Title: Entre invisibilidades e reconhecimentos : o exercício da cidadania por travestis e transexuais no Brasil e os desafios da atuação estatal. Authors: Teixeira Filho, Walter Abstract: The dissertation critically analyzes the exercise of citizenship by travestis and transgender people in Brazil, highlighting the gap between the formal legal recognition of their rights and the substantive realization of those same rights in everyday life. Although the legal system has advanced through decisions of the Federal Supreme Court, public policies, and infra-legal regulations, structural barriers persist in the fields of education, employment, health, housing, and civil documentation, keeping this population in a situation of exclusion and vulnerability. The research question guiding this study is: how has the Brazilian State, through the Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary branches, acted (or failed to act) in promoting the substantive citizenship of travestis and transgender people in the face of structural exclusion and historical violence? The central objective of the research is to examine the actions of the branches of the Brazilian State within this context, taking into account the institutional, political, and cultural limitations that hinder the promotion of full and equal citizenship. A qualitative methodology is adopted, based on bibliographic review, documentary analysis, and indirect empirical data, drawing on theoretical frameworks such as José Murilo de Carvalho and Jessé Souza, as well as international instruments like the Yogyakarta Principles. The dissertation is organized into four chapters, ranging from the denial of fundamental rights to concrete experiences of resistance and citizenship building by trans people, seeking to understand the mechanisms that perpetuate inequalities and to outline guidelines for overcoming the structural selectivity of the State. The study ultimately proposes pathways for the realization of human rights grounded in dignity, equality, and social justice. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11624/4279 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11624/4278 Title: O serviço de acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes e a garantia dos direitos fundamentais previstos a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988 : um estudo sobre a legislação e as dinâmicas internas das instituições. Authors: Silveira, Patrícia Figueiredo Cardona Abstract: The present study aims to analyze institutional care services for children and adolescents from the perspective of guaranteeing the fundamental rights ensured by the 1988 Federal Constitution, investigating the practical application of the current legislation and the challenges faced by the institutions responsible for this protection. The research is based on the central problem: what are the challenges faced by institutional care services in fulfilling the guarantees of human and fundamental rights provided for in the 1988 Federal Constitution, in light of the current legislation? The formulated hypothesis holds that such services face difficulties in fully ensuring these rights due to structural limitations, shortcomings in the implementation of legal norms, the absence of articulated public policies, and deficiencies in the management of financial transfers allocated to the sector. The methodological approach adopted will be the deductive method, as it starts from the analysis of general constitutional, legal, and doctrinal norms in order to understand specific situations experienced within the context of institutional care. The procedural methods will be historical, monographic, and comparative, allowing for the reconstruction of normative developments, the individual examination of care services, and the comparison of different institutional realities. Regarding the techniques employed, indirect research methods will be used, including bibliographic, legislative, and doctrinal research, with consultation of books, scientific articles, academic journals, and legislation. The chosen line of research is justified by the urgency of ensuring that the fundamental rights of children and adolescents in institutional care, as provided for in the Federal Constitution, the Child and Adolescent Statute, and related public policies, go beyond the normative level and materialize in everyday institutional practice. The relevance of the topic stems from the central role of institutional care in preserving the rights to life, dignity, and family and community coexistence. Despite the existence of a solid legal framework, challenges persist, such as resource scarcity, insufficient professional training, fragility of public policies, and obstacles to family reintegration, which compromise the effectiveness of protective actions. Thus, understanding these barriers is essential to identify gaps, assess the quality of care, and propose recommendations capable of strengthening institutional care services and improving public policies aimed at children and adolescents in Brazil. The research demonstrated that the principles of care for children and adolescents are directly linked to the protection of dignity, the preservation of emotional bonds, and comprehensive development; however, the implementation of Family Care Services faces significant challenges. It was highlighted that the effectiveness of public policies depends on the integration of adequate infrastructure, qualified human resources, and efficient oversight, with the involvement of interdisciplinary teams and humanized practices, while oversight must go beyond formal requirements to include preventive and corrective actions. The study also revealed the need for public policies and awareness-raising strategies to broaden the profile of adoptive families, thereby effectively ensuring the right to family and community life. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/11624/4278 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z