O perfil clínico e sociodemográfico de pessoas com histórico de tentativa de suicídio.

Abstract

Introduction: Suicide is an emerging public health issue, with an increasing incidence, especially among young and old people. In addition to previous suicide attempts, recognized as one of the main risk factors, there is evidence that other variables are correlated. The analysis of hospital records in the context of attempted suicide episodes requires further studies. This research focuses on a region that has an annual suicide and attempted suicide rate higher than the national average. The need for additional studies on the factors that contribute to this problem is highlighted. General objective of the dissertation: To analyze epidemiological data of people who attempted suicide treated at a Central hospital, Vale do Rio Pardo in Rio Grande do Sul. Manuscript summary 1: This manuscript aims to analyze the profile of individuals treated at a general hospital who attempted suicide between January 2020 and March 2021. This is an epidemiological, descriptive, and quantitative study carried out in a referral hospital in Vale do Rio Pardo, Rio Grande do Sul. Hospital records were analyzed using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), selecting diagnoses of intentional self harm and mental and behavioral disorders. In the second stage, cases of attempted suicide and the following variables were identified: age, sex, method used in the suicide attempt, diagnoses and monthly frequency of cases, origin, and referrals. The results showed a high prevalence of mood disorders, with a predominance of suicide attempts among women, mainly due to exogenous intoxication. Most cases came from urban areas. Young people had a higher rate of suicide attempts than other age groups. Most of the cases were referred to the public health system. There was an increase in cases during the summer, especially in January. It was concluded that the vulnerability profile of women and young people, especially those associated with mood disorders and exogenous intoxication. The increase in cases during the summer in the region under study may be an indicator of risk of suicide attempts in the future, but more research is needed in this regard. Final considerations of the dissertation: There is a need to intensify suicide prevention actions, especially among young people, through the implementation of educational and psychological support programs involving their families. The scientific literature still lacks more in-depth studies on the causes of seasonality in suicide attempts and their regional variations. In addition to biological causes, investigation of cultural and social specificities of each location is necessary. Access to medicines must be controlled from their supply to the care of family members at home, since medicine poisoning is the most common means of attempted suicide.